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Weimar map
The Weimar map is an anonymous 15th-century Italian portolan chart, held by the Grand Ducal Library of Weimar. Although frequently dated as 1424, most historians believe it was probably composed a half century later. The author is unknown, although said to be a member of the Freducci family of cartographers of Ancona, most probably Conte di Ottomano Freducci. Faint and fragile, the Weimar map is rarely photographed and has been hard to decipher.
== Date and author ==
The exact date and author of the map is contentious. The faint legend has been read (narrowly) as "Contes..........conposuit ancone anno dñi mcccc...".〔Winter, 1938: p.151〕 One of the first to examine it, Alexander von Humboldt, tentatively dated the map as early as 1424.〔Alexander von Humboldt (''Examen critique'', Vol. 2, (pp.180-86 )).〕 However, in subsequent correspondence with the Weimar librarian, Humboldt revised his estimation of the date as late as 1481 or 1491, on account of it containing features that were probably copied from later portolans.〔Babcock (1917: (p.478 ))〕
A later examination by Walter Ruge (1904) read the legend more expansively as "Contes he........conposuit ancone anno dñi mcccclx...",〔Ruge, 1904:(p.3 ).〕 with the significant addition of the LX to the date bringing it forward a half century (in Ruge's estimation to the 1470s). Ruge also contended that the "he" and the large space after it is enough to fit ''hectomanni Fredutijs'', thereby proposing its author was the cartographer Conte di Ottomano Freducci of Ancona (fl. 1497-1539), author of the 1497 Wolfenbüttel map.〔Ruge(1904: ( p.4 ))〕 However, Heinrich Winter (1938), one of the few scholars to have had direct access to the fragile map, believes Humboldt's original 1424 date has merit and casts doubt on Ruge's identification of its author, although reserving the possibility that it might have been made by another member of the Freducci family.〔Winter (1938: p.152). Caraci (1953: p.24), in his review of the Freducci family, is unable to identify whom it might be, and sets the Weimar map aside as indeterminate.〕 In his review, Cortesão sides with Ruge and suggests the date of composion was sometime between 1460 and 1469, either by Conte di Ottomano or one of his relatives.〔Cortesão ((p.109 ))〕 More recently, Astengo also says the attribution to Conte di Ottomano "seems reasonable" and that the dating can be anywhere between 1460 and 1499.〔Astengo (2007: 220-21)〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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